In medicine, a biomarker is a
calculable sign of the severity or presence of some disease state. Further mostly,
a biomarker is anything that can be used as a sign of a particular disease
state or some other physiological state of an organism.
A biomarker is a measurable indicator of some biological condition or condition.
The biomarker can be measured objectively and consistently. Biomarkers play an
important role in clinical medicine today. The biomarker allows doctors to
detect diseases, predict their course and the effectiveness of treatment. An
example of a biomarker commonly used in medicine is prostate-specific antigen
(PSA). The search for more profitable and measurable biomarkers continues to
drive the pharmaceutical industry. The more biomarkers doctors have in their
toolbox, the closer we get to precision medicine.
The use of biomarkers in basic and clinical research has become a routine in many areas of medicine. They are established as molecular signatures that have been well considered and have repeatedly been shown to be capable of predicting relevant disease states or clinical outcomes. In the role of biomarkers in medicine, expert researchers in their individual field have reviewed many biomarkers or potential biomarkers in various types of diseases.
The topics discourse many
aspects of medicine, representative the current conceptual status of biomarkers
as clinical tools and as substitute endpoints in clinical research.
Biomarkers are used to
- Predict
the response to a treatment
- Determine
treatment efficacy
- Confirm
the stage of a disease
- Monitor
Progression/recurrence
- Monitor treatment compliance
Biomarkers can be classified
into 3 types
- Natural
History markers
- Drug
activity biomarkers
- Surrogate Markers
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