Have You Heard? Women, take note! Working night shifts make you vulnerable to cancer

Women working night shifts may have a significantly higher risk of breast, skin and stomach cancer.

Breast cancer is the most commonly identified cancer in women worldwide. Most previous meta-analyses focused on understanding the relationship between night shift workers and the risk of breast cancer. The assumptions, however, are random.

To the form of earlier studies, researchers at Sichuan University in China investigated whether long-term night work in women was associated with the risk of nearly a dozen types of cancer.

They performed a meta-analysis using data from 61 articles including 114,628 cases of cancer and 3,909,152 participants from North America, Europe, Australia and Asia.

The studies were analyzed to determine an association between long-term night work and the risk of 11 types of cancer.

An additional analysis was conducted, which specifically analyzed long-term night work and the risk of six types of cancer among nurses.

In common, continuing night work among women enlarged the risk of cancer by 19 percent.

When discovering particular cancers, the scientists found that this population had an increased risk of skin, breast and gastrointestinal cancer compared to women who did not complete night shifts in the long term work.

The researchers found that only an increased risk of breast cancer was found among night shift workers in North America and Europe.

We were surprised to see the association between night work and the risk of breast cancer only among women in North America and Europe, "said Xuelei Ma, of Sichuan University.

"It is possible that women in these places have higher levels of sex hormones, which have been positively associated with cancers related to hormones, such as breast cancer," said Ma.

Only among the nurses, those who worked in the night shift had a higher risk of breast cancer (58 percent), gastrointestinal (35 percent) and lung (28 percent) compared to those who did not work night shifts.

Of all occupations analyzed, nurses had the highest risk of developing breast cancer if they worked the night shift.

"The nurses who worked the night shift had a medical history and may have been more likely to be screened," said Ma.

"Another promising clarification for the increased risk of cancer in this population can be related to the work requirements of night shift nursing, such as more intensive shifts," he said.

The researchers also performed a dose-response meta-analysis between breast cancer studies that included three or more levels of exposure.

They found that the risk of breast cancer increased by 3.3% for every five years of night work.

"Our study indicates that night work serves as a risk factor for common cancers in women," said Ma.

Long-term night shift workers must have regular physical exams and cancer screenings, "he said.

The Role of Biomarkers In Medicine

In medicine, a biomarker is a calculable sign of the severity or presence of some disease state. Further mostly, a biomarker is anything that can be used as a sign of a particular disease state or some other physiological state of an organism.

A biomarker is a measurable indicator of some biological condition or condition. The biomarker can be measured objectively and consistently. Biomarkers play an important role in clinical medicine today. The biomarker allows doctors to detect diseases, predict their course and the effectiveness of treatment. An example of a biomarker commonly used in medicine is prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The search for more profitable and measurable biomarkers continues to drive the pharmaceutical industry. The more biomarkers doctors have in their toolbox, the closer we get to precision medicine.

The use of biomarkers in basic and clinical research has become a routine in many areas of medicine. They are established as molecular signatures that have been well considered and have repeatedly been shown to be capable of predicting relevant disease states or clinical outcomes. In the role of biomarkers in medicine, expert researchers in their individual field have reviewed many biomarkers or potential biomarkers in various types of diseases.

The topics discourse many aspects of medicine, representative the current conceptual status of biomarkers as clinical tools and as substitute endpoints in clinical research. 

Biomarkers are used to

•          Predict the response to a treatment
•          Determine treatment efficacy
•          Confirm the stage of a disease
•          Monitor Progression/recurrence
•          Monitor treatment compliance

Biomarkers can be classified into 3 types

•          Natural History markers
•          Drug activity biomarkers
•          Surrogate Markers

It’s our honor and privilege to invite you to participate at International Conference on Biomarkers and Clinical Research going to be held at Abu Dhabi, UAE during July 15-16, 2019. I hope you can join us for this event. If you are unable to attend, I encourage you to appoint someone as your proxy, colleagues and students to attend the event on your behalf

The Secret of Why Are Biomarkers Needed For Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is the greatest common cancer among men (after skin cancer), but it can frequently be treated positively. Prostate cancer originates when cells in the prostate gland start to grow uncontrollably. The prostate is a gland establish only in males. It makes some of the fluid that is a portion of semen. 

Types of prostate cancer

Virtually all prostate cancers are adenocarcinomas. These cancers advance from the gland cells (the cells that create the prostate the fluid that is added to the semen).

Further types of prostate cancer include:

•                     Sarcomas

•                     Small cell carcinomas

•                     Neuroendocrine tumors

•                     Transitional cell carcinomas

These other types of prostate cancer are rare. If you have prostate cancer it is nearly definite to be an adenocarcinoma.

The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) biomarker has been broadly used to screen men for prostate cancer. Examines of PSA cancer-specific sensation and specificity occur; opportunely, a novel generation of PCa biomarkers is developing, consisting of serum-, urine-, and tissue-based assays that may supplement PSA testing, or exchange it over time

There are several reasons why biomarkers are needed for prostate cancer, including

(i) For consistent diagnosis of important prostate cancer and making therapy decisions

(ii) For an early estimate of prognosis of the upcoming course of the disease, which may lead to adjusted monitoring and improved therapy

(iii) For calculation of therapy response and thus stratifying potential treatment benefit

(iv) The identification of another therapeutic target created on molecular analyses (eg. target expression and mutational status);

(v) Emerging individualized dealing options and thus recover patient outcomes

(vi) Standardization of study/cohort design, authorizing identical reporting. The ideal biomarker would be non-invasive/minimally invasive, have high accuracy and performance, and at low cost.

Most important is choosing the accurate biomarker at the correct time, whether a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker. Some of the more commonly used biomarkers, 4Kscore, PCA3, SelectMDx, ConfirmMDx, OncotypeDx, Prolaris and Decipher.

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Biomarkers to detect and prevent liver cancer

Liver cancer is a category of cancer that starts in the liver. Some cancers grow outside the liver and extend to the area. However, only cancers that surprise in the liver are defined as liver cancer. It is one of the largest organs of the human body. It has a range of purposes, including eliminating toxins from the body, and is essential to survival.

Growth in the expression of sugar-burning ‘glycolytic’ enzymes in precancerous cirrhotic livers has been recognized and could be used as a biomarker

Liver cancer claims more than 700,000 lives each year and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Due to the nature of cancer, it is usually detected too late to heal.

The results of a new study show a huge increase in the expression of "glycolytic" enzymes that burn sugar in precancerous cirrhotic livers. This increase has been associated with a significantly increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a major type of liver cancer, and could be used as a biomarker to identify people at risk of malignancy.

"We know that 90 percent of all cases of hepatocellular carcinoma begin with liver cirrhosis,"

"Then, by pointing out when cirrhosis is progressing towards cancer, we could improve early detection and treatment, with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but perhaps also with new treatments that reverse the transition."

"We set out to find features of the cirrhotic cells that could predict a cancerous change," said Dr. Papa.

The research team identified that genes related to glycolysis, including hexokinase 2 (HK2), aldolase A (ALDOA) and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), are highly expressed in HCC and cirrhosis compared to normal liver samples.

"In other words: the change to glycolysis occurs in the precancerous stage," said Dr. Bubici. "This suggests that the expression of glycolytic enzymes could be used as a new biomarker to predict the risk of subsequent development of HCC in patients with cirrhosis."

The researchers concluded that the findings reveal a promising means of improving HCC survival through early detection and treatment.

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Types of Biomarkers in Cancer Detection

There are several types of biomarkers, which succeed in different roles across the scale of care. By analyzing biomarkers, diagnostic tests may be able to provide information about early tumor development to detect breast cancer at an early, more curable stage. These biomarkers can be helpful in dealing with patients in the following settings:

 Risk Assessment

These biomarkers are repeatedly associated with a predilection to cancer and can inform a woman's future risk of emerging breast cancer. Healthcare providers often recommend that individuals with these gene mutations reflect more frequent screenings in a crack to detect breast cancer at an early stage.

Screening/Detection

Biomarkers for screening and discovery are real-time indicators of the presence of cancer. The body may reply to the presence of a tumor by generating and releasing immune factors (such as antibodies) or by shedding serum proteins, socializing tumor cells and DNA fragments into the bloodstream.

Diagnosis

Though the only way to approve a breast cancer analysis is by biopsy, biomarkers can aid in diagnosis and help determine the primary origin of the tumor.

Prognosis

Prognostic biomarkers may provide info about a patient's estimated outcome, regardless of therapy.

Some breast cancers are more destructive than others and biomarkers can help control which cancers may grow rapidly and/or metastasize.

Prediction

Biomarkers may be used to predict a patient's reaction to cure or to determine the optimal drug dose or type used for breast cancer treatment. Since breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, different cancers can answer differently to the same cure methods.

Monitoring

Biomarkers may be used to expect and monitor a patient's breast cancer reappearance of the disease after treatment.

By using diverse types of biomarkers in cancer recognition that are exactly geared towards breast cancer, another biological vision of current disease state is existing in addition to the anatomical view of breast imaging. Categories of cancer biomarkers are capable of detecting, predicting and diagnosing disease. These biomarkers can also support modified prognosis and treatment strategies as well as frequent monitoring for the disease.

Five Reasons Why to travel Abu Dhabi

Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Most of you would probably think of Dubai as THE place to go in the Middle East, and that’s for a reason. But Abu Dhabi is the actual capital city of the United Arab Emirates. Globally, Abu Dhabi is most famous for its impressive mosque. If you decide to come to the United Arab Emirates, you should spend at least three or four nights of your time in Abu Dhabi to see some of its main attractions.

THESE ARE THE FIVE THINGS WE LOVE TO DO MOST IN ABU DHABI

1. Sheikh zayed grand mosque

The Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque is absolutely the most famous attraction of the city, and it’s crowded with superlatives. The mosque is made almost exclusively out of 15 sorts of white marble from several different countries and richly decorated with expensive materials such as gold.

Best of all: The entry is totally free of charge. Just make sure you check the opening times before you go, which might be limited due to religious events. They also offer free audio tours and free guided tours

2. Saadiyat island beach club

Saadiyat Island is home to a perfect beach that you would rather place somewhere in the Caribbean by the looks of it. The UAE are known for broad, wide beaches, but usually, the colors aren’t the prettiest around. This one is an exception, though, and definitely as good as it’ll get in the UAE.

3. Go on an adventure in the desert

There are many different options for this. With the desert right at your doorstep, don’t miss the chance to explore it. The typical way for tourists is a desert safari, where you can try out sand boarding, camel riding or dune buggies to name just a few activities. There are a whole lot of tour operators, though, so be sure to check which ones are good before you go.

4. Eat where the locals eat

Eat where the residents eat is possibly a good thing no matter where you go. However, “local” is generally hard to specify for the UAE, because 50 years ago there was hardly anything there apart from some desert Bedouins and fishing villages. Today, almost 90% of the people living there are not actually Emirati.

5. Visit the many attractions of yas island

Yas Island was nothing but a spring of sand in the early 2000s. Since then, it’s developed to the leading spot for local and worldwide tourism in Abu Dhabi. These are several of the things to do on Yas Island:

·         Yas Marina Circuit

·         Also, one of the most stylish hotels in the world, the Yas Viceroy.

·         Yas Ferrari World

·         Yas Water World

Plan a trip to Abu Dhabi this year and join us at the International Conference on Biomarkers and Clinical Research which is scheduled during July 15-16, 2019 Abu Dhabi, UAE.

Few most promising experimental cancer treatments

Cancer is a collection of diseases having abnormal cell growth with the potential to enter or spread to other parts of the body. These separations with benign tumors, which do not spread to other parts of the body.

Cancer states to the irregular growth of cell tissue. Tumours are generally divided into benign and malignant. A benign tumour is localised, matures gradually and does not frequently result in the patient’s death. Malignant or cancerous tumours grow more quickly. They are not localised and are often disastrous for the patient.

Every year about new advances in oncology research and cancer treatments. Inappropriately a lot of these experimental treatments take years to develop and to run them complete the required clinical trials and they still don’t always pan out in the end. In this few treatments list, however, is going to walk you over some of the most stimulating new cancer treatments currently being tested in pre-clinical trials. Researchers are the most hopeful about these experimental cancer treatments right now and explain why they might be feasible options for cancer patients. Various treatments are still in the early stages of growth, whereas others are currently in pre-clinical and clinical trials to test how feasible they are as treatments.

RADIATION THERAPIES

Radiation therapies are any quantity of therapies that develop different forms of energy to try and cause cancerous tumors to go into reduction.

HYPERTHERMIA THERAPY

Hyperthermia Therapy is an experimental form of cancer therapy that consumes contained or whole-body management of heat. Hyperthermia Therapy is very exciting because, if it turns out to be a viable action, this will destroy the cancerous tumors from the inside out and hinder its ability to infect more healthy cells. This treatment category is now in the very early stages of development, as scientists need to dial in how much heat is needed to destroy these cells.

DRUG THERAPIES

Treatments that decrease under the drug therapies set involve using man-made or natural drugs to encourage cancer recovery.

• DICHLOROACETATE
• QUERCETIN
• COMBINATION OPDIVO AND YERVOY

 BACTERIAL THERAPIES AND VIROTHERAPY

Clostridium Novyi

Scientists have been spending anaerobic bacteria, such as Clostridium Novyi, to consume the interior of oxygen-poor tumors in patients. Clostridium Novyi can grow in oxygen-poor tumors. This is chief because tumor-induced tissue hypoxia can cause even more difficulties than a normal tumor would. Hypoxia exists when tissue is receiving less oxygen than what it needs, causing the body to have an even harder time fighting off infections, cancerous cells and can cause necropsy of tissue.

Clostridium Sporogenesis also being examined as a vehicle for delivering cancer-treating drugs into tumors in patients. Researchers hope to continue emerging and researching this anaerobic bacterium for new cancer-treatment vectors in an effort to kill off hypoxic tumors in patients.

These Experimental cancer treatments are medical treatments deliberate to increase, enhancement or replace traditional cancer treatments (surgery, chemotherapy and radiation) in an attempt to reduce or remove cancerous growths. As you can see, all of the listed treatments are very exciting in nature and, if they become feasible, can hopefully help us eradicate cancer.